Improvement in steam-generators



par.

JOHN B. ROOT, OF NEWiYORK, N.- Y.

Lette/rs Pctentll' 98,802, (lated January l1, 1870; autedated N orember 24, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom if may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ROOT, of the city,

county, and State of' New York, have invented a new' and useful Improvement iu Steam-Boilers, ot which the following 1s a full, clear, and exact description, reference bemg had to the 'accompanying drawing,

vforming part of this specification, and in which- Figure l represents a front-end view of a'steamboiler constructed in accordance with my improvement;

Figure 2, a vertical longitudinal section thereof; Figure 3, a face or end view, on a larger scale, of one of the heads of which the end or ends of the boiler are composed, detached;

Figure 4, a transverse section through said head;

Figure 5, an inner face view of one of the hollow end caps used to establish the circulation; and

Figure 6, a face View of one of thc bridge-wall plates, detached.

Similar letters vof' reference indicate corresponding parts.

This improvement has reference to steam-boilers, of the description shown in Letters Patent of the United States, issued to me on the 4th day of February, A. D.-

1868, and which is made up of a series of tubes arf ranged to lic in direction of their length, preferably at a slight inclination, over the lire-place, and connected at their ends with head-plates of parallelogrammic contour, to form Aclose ends to the boiler, said tubes, which constitute the steam and water-spaces, being connected at their opposite ends, outside the heads, with each other, in a similar and double or varied manner, to promote circulation through them.

My invention, in this relation, consists, first, in a certaiu'constructiou of hollow caps and outside connections, with their tubes arranged so that their -par allelogrammic heads break joint, and the re has its course diverted, in passing through between them, so

that each tube, at its opposite ends, is not only con` nected with the tube or tubes lying` immediately above and below it, but also with the tube or tubes lying in the same horizontal plane, or to the side of the same,

therebylestablishing a free circulation horizontally' as well as vertically, and whereby cross-tubes or drums,

to secure horizontal circulation, are dispensed with.,

To eiicct this'result, the invention comprises hollow caps, each ot which is formed with triangular-Iyarranged openings, surrounded by annular lips made to lit coi-respondnglyshaped sockets in each of the three adjacent` tube-heads, a series of such hollow caps being thus arranged outside of the heads or head-` plates, and being secured to the latter by bolts and clamps, each of which latter is constructed tobear or bind on three of said caps. l

Furthermore, the invention includes a certain construction ofliire-bridge wall, which consists in making it of independent plates, arranged to encircle in a Separate manner each tube, and formed in sections, to facilitate .removal of a tube without detachihg it from its head.

Referring to the accompanying drawing- A A represent the tubes, which form the waterspaces or steam and water-spaces of the boiler. These tubes, of which there may be any suitable number, are.

arranged to lie in a zigzag or intermediate manner, as represent-ed by red lines in iig. 1, and are preferably set to occupy slightly-inclined positions tothe horizon.

This diagonal'arrangement of the tubes secures a tortuous and most elfective action of the llame and heated gases ou theoutsides of the tubes; also causes the heads orparallclogrammic blocks B B, into -which said tubes at .their ends are screwed, or with which they are otherwise connected, to break joint, as represented iu g. l. i

Dis the lire-place of or to the boiler, and G, the smokeescapel flue. vTosecnre the desired circulation and action, connection is established betweenthe tubes at their ends, so that either one of the intermediate tubes is' in direct communication with adjacent tubes lying above, below, and to either or bot-h sides of it, thus establishing a free circulation and return action, both up and down and horizontally, or in every direction, as it were, at both or opposite ends of the boiler, and rendering unnecessary upper aud lower cross-pipes or. drums at the ends of the boiler, to secure horizontal circulation.

This is shown as eected by means of hollow caps,

E E, lit-ted to lie againstvthe heads B B, and formed with diagonally-arranged openings, c c c, on their in-` ner faces.

Each head B has three similarly-arranged openings, ol l d, through it, in communication With the tube A, to which said head is fitted, and the hollow caps E E are so arranged over the faces of the heads or ends of the boiler, as that the several apertures o c o in each of said caps communicate respectively with one of the apertures d in the head of an upper tube, and a similar aperture, d, in the heads of each of two lower and adjacent side tubes, thus establishing a free horizontal as well as vertical circulation and return actionat both or oppositeends of the boiler.

These hollow caps E E may be'iit-ted in or to the heads by annular lips, e o c, arranged to surround the apertures c c c, and made to lit annular sockets, fff, surrounding the openings d d d in the heads, Indiar'ubber rings or other soft and elastic packing being inserted in the sockets, if desired, tomake close the joints.

llo secure or hold the hollow caps El E to their places, triangular clamps, F F, are used, fastened by nuts and stud-bolts gg, connected with the heads B B, each of said clamps being so arranged as that it binds or holds on three of the caps at their adjacent corners.

The bridge-wall in rear of the lire-place, and which maybe disposed as represented, or otherwise, or there may be more than one, but which, as here arranged, serres to secure, first, a front upward and afterward a back 'downward draught in establishing connection with the escape-line G, is made up of a series of separate plates', H H, of paralIelogrammic form, so that, combined, they form a wall, and each of which is made to encircle or receive through it a tube, A. This construction of the bridge-wall forms a ready mode oftting and taking apart, or of taking out and putting in a single tube without disturbingr the rest, and in order that the same may be done wit-hout removal of the and so allows of the passage of the latter, with headplates or blocks on it, through the boiler.

Such provision will be found of great advantage,

both as regards replacement and changing the relative positions of the tubes, that is, an upper for a lower one, Ste.; also in renewing sections of the bridge-Wall, and, if desired, of varying the position of the latter by a different disposition of the plates H H along the tubes.

What is here claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent', is-

1. The combination, with the tubes A A, arranged substantially as described, and lheads or end blocks B B, having triaugularly-arranged openings, d d d, in them, of the hollow caps E E, provided with similarlyarranged openings, c c c, disposed to connect with the apertures :l in the heads of adjacent tubes, essentially as shown and described.

2. The fire-bridge, construe-ted of independent plates H H, arranged to encircle the tubes A A, and of parallelogramxnic form on their outside edges, to constitute,when combined, a cross or dividingwall, essentially as described.

' JOHN B. ROOT.

Witnesses FRED. HAYNES, J. W. GooMBs. 

